AFTER-TAX REAL RATE OF RETURN

An investment's actual financial benefit after the inflation and taxes are accounted for. After-tax real rate of return is a precise measure of the investment earnings and commonly deviates significantly from the nominal rate of return of an investment, or the return before taxes and bonds. However, the investments in inflation-protected securities (TIPS for example) and tax-advantaged accounts such as Roth IRAs as well as tax-advantaged securities (municipal bonds for example) shows less discrepancy between after-tax real rates of return and nominal returns.